Apparatus for the carbonization of fuel



Sept. 9, 1930. E. RAMMELKAMP APPARATUS FOR THE CARBONIZATION OF FUEL Filed se t. 10, 1927 raw coal Patented Sept. 9, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT "OFFICE,

Enron BAMMELKAMP, or nUIsBnne, GERMANY, Assrenon TO cnnivrrscrr-rncnnrsonn GESELLSCHAFT M. B. 1a., onnursnune, GERMANY APPARATUS FOR THE CABBONIZATION OF FUEL Application filed September 10, 1927, Serial No. 218,750,,andin Germany September 21, 1926.

This invention relates to a method for drydistillation of raw coal, as coal, lignite and the like, in vertical or horizontal chambers connected the one with the other by interme- 5 diate heating chambers or heating rods, the

raw coal being forced continuously and simultaneously into and through several distillation-chambers which are subdivided like grates. l

The invention relates further to an apparatus for carrying out the method, the furnace being constructed in such a manner that the forcing in and through of the raw coal is effected either from the central-axis inhorizontal direction through the distillationchambers by rotation of an eccentrically mounted roller, or towards the central-axis by mutual rolling of two distillation-chamber systems arranged like drums each around a central-axle, or by means of a reciprocating plate.

The advantage of the improved method consists essentially in that the compressing, the forcing in and through of the material to be submitted to dry-distillation is effected by one single machine-element and that, owing to the narrow and grate-like shape of the distillation-chambers, a high efliciency is obtained.

Three embodiments of the invention are illustrated, by way of example, in the accompanying drawing, in which Figs. 1 and 2 show in vertical longitudinal section and cross-section respectively a furnace in which the coal is pressed from the bers in horizontal direction to the outer side.

Fig. 3 shows on larger scale one distillation-chamber in vertical section.

The furnace shown in Figs. 1 and 2 comprises an outer casing a, vertical heating chambers b radially arranged around the central-axis m, distillation-chambers 0, formed between said heating chambers, a charging space d, an axle f on the eccentric portion of which a cylinder 6 is rotatably mounted, and

a pair of gear-wheels g.

' The operation is as follows:

The charging space (Z is permanently filled with material to be distilled (raw coal). By the cylinder 6 rolling along the entrances to central-axis through the distillation-chain the distillation-chambers the material to be distilled, andwhich is between the cylinder and said entrances, is pressed through the distillation-chambers. lVhile traversing the distillation-chambers c. thev material is heated from the heating-chambers bto the temperature for dry-distillationand thereby coked. The coke obtained and the gases generatedby the distillation-process flow from the distiller,

by rotation of shaft around the central-axis m, the cylinder 6 is rotated by the co-operation of the gear-wheels 9 around its central-axis so thatit rollsalongthe entrances to the distillation-chambers.

' As shown-in Fig. 3 theheating-chambers are set off at-0. so that from this pointthe distillation-chambers are enlarged in vertical direction; Herefrom resultsthat the resist? ance due to friction ceases from point 0 so that the material to be distilled can be pressed through an even very long distillation-chamher. The distillation-chambers are subdivided grate-like by horizontal plates p.

I claim: 1. A retort for carbonizing solid fuel comprising a plurality of alternate distillation chambers and heating chambers therefor arranged laterally of each other in the form of an annular series, the axis of the annulus be ing substantially Vertical, the central portion of the annulus being hollow, closed at the bottom thereof, and in direct communication with said distillation chambers for providing a charging space for charging said distillation chambers therefrom, a casing surrounding and horizontally spaced from said series so as to provide an annular space therearound, said annular space being in direct communication with said distillation chambers for providing a discharging space for the discharge of solid material from said distillation chambers into said annular space, and means within said charging space for continuously forcing solid fuel therefrom into and through said distillation chambers.

2. A retort for carbonizing solid fuel comprising a plurality of alternate distillation chambers and heating chambers therefor arranged laterally of each other in the form of an annular series, the axis of the annulus being substantially vertical, the central portion of the annulus being hollow, closed at the bottom thereof, and in direct communication With said distillation chambers for providing a charging space for charging said distillation chambers therefrom, a casing surrounding and horizontally spaced from said series so as to provide an annular space therearound, said annular space being in direct communication with said distillation chambers for providing a discharging space for the discharge of solid material from said distillation chambers into said annular space, and means within said charging space forcontinuously forcing solid fuel therefrom into and through said distillation chambers, said means comprising a cylinder arranged inside the charging space With the axis of the cylinder vertical, said cylinder being mounted for rotation on a vertical axis that passes through the cylinder but is eccentric thereof and is central of the charging. space, with one lateral side of the cylinder contiguous to at least one of the distillation chambers on one lateral side of the series and spaced from at least one of the distillation chambers on the opposite lateral side of the series.

3. A retort as set forth in claim 2 and having plates in the distillation chambers spaced from each other and respectively extending in a direction that is radial With respect to the axis of the annulus for subdividing the distillation chambers.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

ERIGH RAMMELKAMP. 

